تصمیم گیری برخطِ تطبیق پذیر، در زنجیره تأمین مبتني بر اینترنت اشیا (با فرض سفارشهای تدریجي)
محورهای موضوعی : فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات
فاطمه محمدی چینی ساز
1
,
سید علیرضا هاشمی گلپایگانی
2
*
,
سعید شریفیان خرطومی
3
1 -
2 - هیات علمی
3 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: زنجیره تأمین, مدیریت زنجیره تأمین, رویدادهای زنجیره تأمین, اینترنت اشیا, شبکه های پتری.,
چکیده مقاله :
ظهور فناوری‌های نوین و جهانی‌شدن تجارت، رقابت برای تولید محصولات باکیفیت، با حداقل هزینه و زمان را افزایش داده است. بنابراین نیاز به زنجیره‌های تأمین انعطاف‌پذیر که به‌صورت لحظه‌ای به تغییرات محیط و تقاضای مشتری پاسخ دهند، تشدید شده است. در این راستا، فناوری اینترنت اشیا، راه‌حلی مناسب برای انتقال اطلاعات درونی و بیرونی زنجیره تأمین می باشد که نقش مؤثری در مدیریت بهینه زنجیره دارد. مدیریت بهینه زنجیره تأمین، ملزوم نگرشی جامع به کل زنجیره و انتخاب همزمان اجزای انجام دهنده سفارش در هر سه لایه اصلی زنجیره است، ولی اکثر مطالعات تنها به تصمیم گیری در یک لایه از زنجیره پرداخته و ارتباط متقابل عملکرد لایه‌ها را نادیده گرفته‌اند. همچنین، اکثر تحقیقات، زنجیره تأمین را در محیطی ایستا و بدون توجه به ماهیت پویای آن و رویدادهای درونی و بیرونی زنجیره، مطالعه کردهاند. این پژوهش، با هدف توسعه سیستمی بلادرنگ برای مدیریت سفارشات و رویدادهای زنجیره تأمین، از فناوری اینترنت اشیا بهره می برد. راه‌حل پیشنهادی با بررسی لحظه‌ای رویدادهای داخلی و خارجی زنجیره، مناسب‌ترین اجزا از تمام لایه‌های (توزیع، تولید، تأمین) را برای انجام هر سفارش انتخاب میکند تا اثرات منفی رویدادهای پیش بینی نشده را به حداقل برساند. مدل زنجیره، با شبکه پتری توسعه‌یافته با رنگ و زمان شبیه سازی شده است. این مدل، شامل یک شبکه اصلی و 10 زیرشبکه می باشد که انتخاب اجزا برای سفارشات تدریجی و پاسخ دهی به رویدادهای لحظه‌ای را در کل لایه های زنجیره، پوشش می‌دهد. مقایسه نتایج راه‌حل پیشنهادی با "راه‌حل بهینه" نشان می‌دهد که این روش میانگین شاخصهای هزینه را 13.8 درصد و شاخص های زمان را 70.5 درصد بهبود می دهد.
The advent of new technologies and global trade has intensified competition to produce high-quality products at lower costs and shorter timelines. This shift highlights the need for flexible, real-time responsive supply chains to adapt to environmental changes and customer demands. Given the dynamic nature of supply chains and their environments, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerges as an effective technology for gathering and transmitting information from internal and external environments, significantly enhancing supply chain management. A review of existing research reveals that most studies have focused on one or two layers of the supply chain, often neglecting the interconnectedness of these layers. Furthermore, prior research has predominantly considered static supply chain environments, disregarding the influence of internal and external changes and events. This research introduces a real-time decision-making system for supply chain management leveraging IoT technology. The proposed system identifies suitable components for each order across all supply chain layers (distribution, production, supply). It also monitors real-time events and provides optimal responses to mitigate the negative effects of disruptions on the order preparation process. Simulation of the supply chain utilizes Colored Petri nets, comprising a main Petri net and 10 subnets to model the distributed structure and dynamic processes of supply chain layers. Comparative analysis with the "Optimal method" indicates that the proposed solution achieves a 13.8% improvement in average cost indicators and a 70.5% enhancement in average time indicators, based on the MAPE criterion, demonstrating its effectiveness in managing dynamic supply chains.
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