ارائۀ روشی بهینه در اعزام آمبولانس مبتنی برشبکه‌های پیچیده و هوش مصنوعی
محورهای موضوعی : عمومى
مهدی زرکش زاده
1
( .دانشگاه تهران)
زینب الهدی حشمتی
2
(استاد دانشگاه)
هادی زارع
3
(دانشگاه تهران)
مهدی تیموری
4
(عضو هیأت علمی)
کلید واژه: اعزام آمبولانس, زمان پاسخ, تحلیل شبکه های پیچیده, مرکزیت, جستجو, هوش مصنوعی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف سرویس‌های اورژانس پزشکی کاهش مرگ و میر و عوارض ناشی از بیماری‌ها و صدمات می‌باشد. اعزام سریع سرویس‌های اورژانس و کاهش زمان پاسخ، منجر به افزایش نرخ بقاء می‌شود. زمان پاسخ یکی از معیارهای مهم سنجش کارایی سرویس‌های اورژانس پزشکی می‌باشد. روش معمول در اعزام آمبولانس‌ها، فرستادن نزدیک‌ترین واحد در دسترس می‌باشد که این روش به کارایی در کوتاه مدت توجه می‌کند. یکی از روش‌هایی که اخیرا در زمینه اعزام آمبولانس بیان شده است، مبتنی بر تحلیل شبکه‌های پیچیده است. هدف این روش، اعزام آمبولانس مد نظر به تماسی می‌باشد که مرکزیت بیشتری نسبت به دیگر تماسها دارد، که منجر به کارایی بهتر در دراز مدت می‌شود. دیگر روش‌ها در اعزام آمبولانس مبتنی بر پیدا کردن بهترین مسیر مناسب برای ماشین‌های سرویس‌دهنده می‌باشد که پیچیدگی زمانی این روش‌ها بسیار بالا می‌باشد. در این مقاله با استفاده از رویکردی ترکیبی و به کارگیری معیارهای مرکزیت از تحلیل شبکه‌های پیچیده و روش‌های جستجو مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی، روشی بهینه و نوین را برای کاهش زمان پاسخ سرویس‌های اورژانسی ارائه شده است. علاوه بر این در روش پیشنهادی، اولویت اورژانسی تماسها نیز درنظر گرفته شده است، که متغیری مهم در تصمیم گیری ها می باشد. روش پیشنهادی نسبت به روش‌های قبلی از محدودیت‌های کمتری برخوردار بوده و نتایج شبیه سازی گسترده نیز بهبود معنی‌دار این روش را در مقایسه با روش های قبلی مانند روش مرکزیت و نزدیک‌ترین همسایه، مورد تایید قرار می‌دهد.
The goal of emergency medical services is to reduce deaths and complications caused by diseases and injuries. Rapid dispatch of emergency services and reduced response time lead to increased survival rates. Response time is one of the important criteria for measuring the efficiency of emergency medical services. The usual method of sending ambulances is to send the nearest available unit, which pays attention to efficiency in the short term. One of the methods that has been recently mentioned in the field of ambulance dispatch is based on the analysis of complex networks. The purpose of this method is to send an ambulance to a call that is more central than other calls, which leads to better efficiency in the long run. Other methods in dispatching an ambulance are based on finding the best suitable route for service cars, and the time complexity of these methods is very high. In this article, using a hybrid approach and applying centrality criteria from complex network analysis and search methods based on artificial intelligence, an optimal and innovative method is presented to reduce the response time of emergency services. In addition, in the proposed method, the emergency priority of calls is also considered, which is an important variable in decisions. The proposed method has less limitations than the previous methods and the extensive simulation results confirm the significant improvement of this method compared to the previous methods such as the centrality method and the nearest neighbor method.
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