استفاده از روش تركيبي PSO – GA جهت جايابي بهينة خازن در سیستم‌های توزيع
محورهای موضوعی :محمدهادی ورهرام 1 * , امیر محمدی 2
1 - وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری
2 - دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: جایابی خازن, الگوریتم ژنتیک, بهینه‌سازی تجمّع ذرّات,
چکیده مقاله :
در اين مقاله ، ما يك الگوريتم جديد پيشنهاد كرده‌ايم كه PSO و ژنتيك را به طريقي با هم تركيب می‌کند بگونه‌اي كه الگوريتم جديد مؤثرتر و كارآمدتر می‌شود. اين بدان معناست که سرعت رسيدن به پاسخ به طور قابل ملاحظه‌اي افزايش مي‌يابد و در عين حال دقّت پاسخ نيز به مراتب بالاتر است. خاصيت الگوريتم بهينه‌سازي تجمّع اين است که به سرعت همگرا مي‌شود ، اما در نزديكي‌هاي نقطة بهينه فرآيند جستجو به شدّت كند مي‌شود . از طرفی می‌دانیم که الگوريتم ژنتيك نيز به شرايط اوليه به شدت حساس است. در حقيقت طبيعت تصادفي عملگرهاي ژنتيك ، الگوريتم را به جمعیّت اوليّه حساس مي‌کند. اين وابستگي به شرايط اوليه به گونه‌اي است كه اگر جمعیّت اوليه خوب انتخاب نشود ، الگوريتم ممكن است همگرا نشود. در اين مقاله با استفاده از اين الگوريتم تركيبي GA- PSO، مكان و اندازة بهينة خازن در يك سيستم توزيع نمونه بدست آمده است . همچنين جايابي بهينة خازن با الگوريتم هاي PSO و GA بطور جداگانه بدست و نتايج با هم مقايسه شده‌اند .نتايج نشان می‌دهند که الگوريتم جديد مي‌تواند سريع‌تر به پاسخ برسد و به جمعیّت اوليه وابسته نيست و پاسخ‌هاي دقيق‌تري را پيدا می‌کند.
In this paper, we have proposed a new algorithm which combines PSO and GA in such a way that the new algorithm is more effective and efficient.The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has shown rapid convergence during the initial stages of a global search but around global optimum, the search process will become very slow. On the other hand, genetic algorithm is very sensitive to the initial population. In fact, the random nature of the GA operators makes the algorithm sensitive to the initial population. This dependence to the initial population is in such a manner that the algorithm may not converge if the initial population is not well selected. This new algorithm can perform faster and does not depend on initial population and can find optimal solutions with acceptable accuracy. Optimal capacitor placement and sizing have been found using this hybrid PSO-GA algorithm. We have also found the optimal place and size of capacitors using GA and PSO separately and compared the results.
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