شناسایی معیارهای پذیرش فناوری زنجیره بلوکی و ارائه مدل ترکیبی پذیرش فناوری TAM و TOE با استفاده از روش خوشه¬بندی K-means

چکیده مقاله :

با توسعه روزافزون فناوری و ادغام آن در زندگی خصوصی و حرفه‌ای کاربران، تصمیم در مورد پذیرش یا رد آن هنوز یک سؤال باز باقی‌مانده است. نظریه‌های پذیرش فناوری به بیان علل پذیرش سیستم اطلاعاتی توسط یک فرد اشاره می‌نماید. در زمینه مدل پذیرش فناوری، تحقیقات متعددی صورت‌گرفته است که به ارائه مدل‌های مختلف می‌پردازد. در این پژوهش به بررسی مدل پذیرش فناوری زنجیره بلوکی با استفاده از مدل TAM و مدل TOE پرداخته می‌شود و پس از مرور اجمالی بر معیارها و محدودیت‌های آنها به ارائه چارچوب مفهومی–اکتشافی مبتنی بر خوشه‌بندی معیارها در چارچوب TAM و TOE پرداخته شده است. همچنین در این پژوهش پس از بررسی ادبیات‌پژوهش 85 معیار پذیرش فناوری زنجیره بلوکی شناسایی و با بررسی خبرگان 53 معیار به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین معیارهای پذیرش فناوری زنجیره بلوکی شناسایی شده و سپس با استفاده از روش خوشه‌بندی k-means در نرم‌افزار SPSS به دسته‌بندی معیارها و ارائه مدل ترکیبی این پژوهش پرداخته شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که از منظر خبرگان، هم‌جواری مفهومی مستقیم، صرفاً بین عوامل خارجی و دو عامل سودمندی درک شده و درک سهولت استفاده تأثیرگذار مشاهده نگردید، بلکه عواملی که در گروه‌های فناوری، سازمانی و محیطی مدل TAM قرار دارند نیز در این هم‌جواری قرار می‌گیرند، همچنین نتایج و بررسی محدودیت‌های مدل TAM و TOE نشان می‌دهند که این دو مدل تکمیل‌کننده یکدیگر هستند. یافته‌های این پژوهش به توسعه بیشتر پذیرش زنجیره بلوکی کمک می‌نماید و راهنمایی‌هایی برای عملکرد شرکت‌های فعال در این حوزه فراهم می‌آورد.

چکیده انگلیسی :

With the rapid advancement of technology and its integration into both personal and professional life, the decision to accept or reject new technologies remains an open question. Technology adoption theories aim to explain the reasons behind an individual's acceptance of information systems. Numerous studies have been conducted in the domain of technology adoption, resulting in the development of various models. This research investigates the adoption of blockchain technology by integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. After a brief review of the criteria and limitations of these models, a hybrid adoption model is proposed. Following a comprehensive literature review, 85 blockchain adoption criteria were initially identified. Expert evaluations narrowed these down to 53 key criteria. Using the K-means clustering method in SPSS, the criteria were categorized, and a hybrid model was constructed. The findings indicate that external factors do not influence perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use; however, other components within the TAM framework—categorized under technological, organizational, and environmental dimensions—are affected by external variables. Moreover, the results reveal that the TAM and TOE models are complementary in nature. This study contributes to the broader understanding of blockchain adoption and provides practical guidance for organizations operating in this domain.

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