Agile Enterprise Architecture Modeling: Evaluating the Applicability of Six Modeling Standards based on Iran’s National EA Framework
Subject Areas :
Ali Razi
1
,
reza rezaei
2
*
,
ahmadali یزدان پناه
3
1 - University student
2 - گروه کامپیوتر، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد ساوه
3 - Assistant Professor
Keywords: Evaluating the Applicability by ANP & DEMATEL, Modeling Standards, Iran’s National EA Framework, Agile Enterprise Architecture Modeling.,
Abstract :
The Iran’s national enterprise architecture framework (INEAF) has been adapted from the TOGAF framework and its architectural development method. In this framework, the use of agility paradigm is emphasized, but there is no basis for using agile methods and techniques. Based on the results obtained for the researcher, the studied sources did not indicate all the necessary solutions and features to develop an agile methodology based on the Iran’s national EA framework. According to Mr. Gill research, each modeling standard is different in scope and function, and since a modeling standard alone cannot support all the requirements of agile enterprise architecture, combining modeling standards is a suitable solution. In this paper, an agile enterprise architecture modeling methodology including ten solutions with a combination of six modeling standards ArchiMate, UML, BPMN, FAML, SoaML and BMM based on the Iran’s national EA framework is presented. The evaluation of the applicability of the proposed methodology is performed by the combined method (qualitative + quantitative). Qualitative evaluation is performed through a case study and quantitative evaluation is performed using multi-criteria decision making methods including ANP and DEMATEL. Data collection and information gathering and determining options and criteria, is performed through library studies and field methods, and using questionnaire, interview and observation tools. Based on the case study, combination of six standards by agile enterprise architecture modeling method based on the Iran’s national enterprise architecture framework is applicable. For quantitative evaluation of applicability in this paper, according to experts, four options have been proposed, which are based on the final weight: support by known tools, the ability to cover the artifacts of the Iran’s national enterprise architecture framework, efficiency or effectiveness, ease of learning or teachability.
1[. صمدی اوانسر، عسگر، مقدمه ای بر معماری سازمانی (ویژه مدیران)، دبیرخانه شورای عالی اطلاع رسانی، تهران، ایران، 1384.
]2[. شمس علیئی، فریدون. مهجوریان، امیر و همکاران. چارچوب و روش شناسی معماری سازمانی ایران، نسخه 1، شورای اجرایی)عالی(فناوری اطلاعات کشور، کمیسیون توسعه دولت الکترونیکی، تهران، 1395، https://www.ieaf.ir/.
[3]. Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework Version 2, 2013,
[4]. The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2 Overview,
]5[. براهیمیان، مهرناز، ارائه مدلی جهت چابک سازی معماری سازمانی با استفاده از چارچوب FEAF، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، 1392.
]6[. راضی، علی، بومی کردن چارچوب زکمن برای سازمان چابک، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، 1387.
[7]. R. Yuliana, B. Rahardjo, “Designing an agile enterprise architecture for mining company by using TOGAF framework,” 4th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management, April 26-27, 2016, Bandung, Indonesia.
[8]. M. Hensema, “Applying Agile in Enterprise Architecture,” Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Twente Univ., Netherlands, 2015.
[9]. T. Lumor, “Towards The Design of an Agile Enterprise Architecture Management Method,” Master’s Thesis, Information Systems, JYVÄSKYLÄ Univ., Finland, 2016.
[10]. K. Beck et al. Manifesto for Agile Software Development, 2001,
[11]. S. Duncan, Understanding Agile Values & Principles. An Examination of the Agile Manifesto. lulu.com, 2019.
[12]. D. Canty, Agile for Project Managers (Best Practices in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management). Auerbach Publications, 2015.
[13]. R. Pichler, Agile Product Management with Scrum: Creating Products that Customers Love. New York: Addison-Wesley Professional; 1st edition, 2010.
[14]. K. Schwaber, Agile Project Management with Scrum. Microsoft Press; 1st edition, 2004.
[15]. F. Gampfer, “Managing Enterprise Architecture in Agile Environments,” Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Gesellschaft für Informatik, 2018, Bonn.
[16]. H. Jonkers, M. M. Lankhorst, R. v. Buuren, S. Hoppenbrouwers, “Concepts for Modeling Enterprise Architectures,” International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems., vol. 13, Issue 3, pp. 257-287, September 2004.
[17]. M. Lankhorst, Enterprise Architecture at Work, Modeling, Communication and Analysis. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Fourth Edition, 2017.
[18]. R. Grangel, C. Campos, “Agile Model-Driven Methodology to Implement Corporate Social Responsibility,” Computers & Industrial Engineering., vol. 127, pp. 116-128, January 2019.
]19[. فتح اللهی، علی، بررسیUML از نظر قابلیت پوشش به چارچوب زکمن، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، تهران، 1383.
[20]. A.Q. Gill, "agile enterprise architecture modelling: Evaluating the applicability and integration of six modelling standards," Information and Software Technology, vol. 67, pp. 196-206, November 2015.
[21]. OMG, ArchiMate, 2019,
[22]. OMG, Business Motivation Model (BMM), 2015,
[23]. OMG, Documents associated with Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), 2014,
[24]. OMG, Documents associated with UML, 2017,
[25]. OMG, SoaML, 2012,
[26]. G. Beydoun, G. Low, B. Henderson-Sellers, H. Mouratids, J.J. Gomez-Snaz, J. Pavon, C. Gonzalez-Perez, “FAML: a generic metamodel for MAS development,” IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 35, Issue 6, pp. 841–863, Nov-Dec 2009.
]27[. کمیته ملی معماری سازمانی ایران، گزارش آسیب شناسی پروژه های معماری سازمانی، دی ماه سال 1394، https://www.ieaf.ir/.
[28]. A. Rüping, Agile Documentation: A Pattern Guide to Producing Lightweight Documents for Software Projects. Wiley; 1st edition, 2003.
[29]. F. Theuerkorn, Lightweight enterprise architectures. Auerbach Publications; 1st edition, 2004.
[30]. J. Highsmith, Agile Project Management: Creating Innovative Products. New York: Addison-Wesley Professional, 2009.
[31]. J. M.Bass, “Artefacts and agile method tailoring in large-scale offshore software development programmes,” Information and Software Technology., vol. 75, pp. 1-16, July 2016.
[32]. Scott W. Ambler. Agile Enterprise Architecture, 2021,
[33]. Scott W. Ambler. Agile Modeling: Effective Practices for extreme Programming and the Unified Process , Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2002,
[34]. S. Hanschke, J. Ernsting, H. Kuchen, “Integrating Agile Software Development and Enterprise Architecture Management,” 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Jan 5-8, 2015, Kauai, HI, USA.
[35]. C. Finkelstein, Enterprise Architecture for Integration: Rapid Delivery Methods and Technologies (Artech House Mobile Communications Library). Artech House Print on Demand; 1st edition, 2006.
[36]. J. Humble, D. Farley, Continuous Delivery. New York: Addison-Wesley Professional, 2010.
[37]. R. Miles, K. Hamilton, Learning UML 2.0: A Pragmatic Introduction to UML. O'Reilly Media; 1st edition, 2006.
[38]. M. Seidl, M. Scholz, C. Huemer, G. Kappel, UML @ Classroom an Introduction to Object-Oriented Modeling. New York: springer international publishing, 2015.
[39]. P. Desfray, G. Raymond, Modeling Enterprise Architecture with TOGAF® A Practical Guide Using UML and BPMN. Morgan Kaufmann; 1st edition, 2014.
[40]. A. Sadovykh, P. Desfray, B. Elvesæter, A. Berre, E. Landre, “Enterprise architecture modeling with SoaML using BMM and BPMN - MDA approach in practice,” Computer Science, 6th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference, Oct 13-15, 2010, Moscow, Russia.
[41]. A. Zrnec, M. Bajec, M. Krisper, "Enterprise modelling with UML," Elektrotehni ski vestnik University of Ljubljana., vol. 68, pp. 109–114, 2001.
[42]. F. Armour, S. H. Kaisler, J. Getter, D. Pippin, “A UML-driven Enterprise Architecture Case Study,” Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference, February, 2003.
]43[. کرمی، رضا، "ArchiMate درجستجوي زبان مشترك معماري سازماني و مديريت خدمات فناوري اطلاعات"، نشریه گزارش کامپیوتر، شماره 202، تهران، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1391.
[44]. I. Band, H. Jonkers, E. Proper, D. Quartel, M. Lankhorst and M. Turner, "Using the TOGAF® 9.1 Framework with the ArchiMate® 3.0 Modeling Language," The Open Group, AUGUST 25, 2017.
[45]. A. Aldea, M.Iacob, J. v. Hillegersberg, D. Quartel, L. Bodenstaff, “Modelling strategy with ArchiMate,” Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, April 13, 2015, pp. 1211–121.
]46[. شمس، فریدون، رضوی داوودی، مهسا، بدیع، کامبیز، "ارائه روشی جهت ارزیابی ویژگی های کیفی معماری سازمانی مبتنی بر Fuzzy AHP"، نشریه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دوره 2، شماره 4، از صفحه 79 تا صفحه 98، تهران، بهار و تابستان 1389.
]47[. سرمد سعیدی، سهیل، فقیهی پور، جواد، فقیهی پور، سمیه، قربانی، رضا، "ارزیابی میزان چابکی سازمان مدیریت صنعتی با تکنیک تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی"، فصلنامه مطالعات منابع انسانی، سال سوم، شماره 11، بهار 1393.
[48]. A. Ganguly, R. Nilchiani, J. V. Farr, “Evaluating agility in corporate enterprises,” International Journal of Production Economics., vol. 118, Issue 2, pp. 410-423, April 2009.
[49]. O.Z. Akbari, "A survey of agent-oriented software engineering paradigm: towards its industrial acceptance", Journal of Computer Engineering Research., vol. 1(2), pp. 14 – 28, April 2010.
[50]. B. Bauer, J. Odell, “UML 2.0 and agents: how to build agent-based systems with the new UML standard,” Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 18, Issue 2, pp. 141-157, March 2005.
]51[. شمس، فریدون، مهجوریان، امیر، معرفی اصول، مبانی و روش های معماری سازمانی سرویس گرا، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، 1389.
]52[. معین، طاهره، پیشنهاد یک چارچوب چابک حاکمیت معماری سرویس گرا بر اساس معماری سازمانی توگف، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، 1391.
]53[. مهجوريان، اميررضا، تدوین متدولوژی برنامه ریزی معماری سازمانی سرویس گرا در جهت پوشش کامل به چارچوب زکمن، پايان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، تهران، 1386.
[54]. E. El-Sheikh, A. Zimmermann, L. C. Jain, Emerging Trends in the Evolution of Service-Oriented and Enterprise Architectures. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016.
[55]. M. Rosen, B. Lublinsky, K. T. Smith, M. J. Balcer, Applied SOA: Service-Oriented Architecture and Design Strategies. Wiley; 1st edition, 2008.
[56]. Wikipedia
[57]. Enterprise Architect - Fast Intuitive Modeling & Design,
[58]. Visual Paradigm - The Development Tool Suite,
[59]. Wikipedia
[60]. The AnyLogic Company, anylogic-general-purpose simulation software,
[61]. Archi – Open Source ArchiMate Modelling,
[62]. Wikipedia
[63]. Wikipedia
]66[. صفری، اسد، مربی تحول چابک سازمان و تیم های نرم افزاری، دنیای چابک. http://blog.scrum.ir/author/admin/.
[67]. T. Dingsøyr, S. Nerur, V. Balijepally, N. B. Moe, “A decade of agile methodologies: Towards explaining agile software development,” Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 85, Issue 6, pp. 1213-1221, June 2012.
[68]. S. Hayes, "an Introduction to Agile Methods", 2002,
[69]. P. Abrahamsson, O. Salo, J. Ronkainen, J. Warsta, Agile Software Development Methodes: Review and Analysis. Finland: VTT publication 478, 2002.
[70]. Wells, Don. (2013). Extreme Programming: A gentle introduction,
[71]. A. Cockburn, Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game. New York: Addison-Wesley Professional, 2006.
[72]. J. Patton, P. Economy, User Story Mapping: Discover the Whole Story, Build the Right Product. O'Reilly Media; 1st edition, 2014.
[73]. G. Chin, Agile Project Management: How to Succeed in the Face of Changing Project Requirements, AMACOM, 2004.
]74[. حمزه پور، مهدی، نبوی فرد، سید مجتبی، دیمتل (آزمایشگاه ارزیابی و آزمون تصمیم گیری)، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه و پژوهشگاه عالی دفاع ملی و تحقیقات راهبردی، 1398.
]75[. مومنی، منصور، شریفی، سلیم علیرضا، مدل ها و نرم افزارهای تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه، تهران، نشر توسط منصور مومني و عليرضا شريفي سليم، 1390.
]76[. محمدی لرد، عبدالمحمود، فرآیندهای تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP)و سلسله مراتبی (AHP)به همراه معرفی نرم‌افزار Super Decision، تهران، انتشارات البرز فر دانش، 1388